jueves, 31 de mayo de 2012

Sities Web


www.pronunciationtips.com/clusters1.htm
1.     grammar.about.com/od/c/g/Consonant-Cluster-Cc.htm -
www.firstschoolyears.com/literacy/word/.../clusters/clusters.htm -
athene.riv.csu.edu.au/~smcleod/Consonantclustertest
1.     www.phonetik.uni-muenchen.de/cluster/

Other final consonant cluster


Final consonant clusters with the ending S/ES

[ps], [ts], [ks]
stops – lamps – helps – writes – tests – texts – links – thanks – sharks;
[bz], [dz], [gz]
rubs – bulbs – needs – holds – worlds – thousands – pigs – legs;
[fs], [θs]
beliefs – laughs – gulfs – cliffs – deaths – myths – births;
[vz], [ðz]
leaves – knives – wolves – valves – saves – clothes – breathes – bathes;
Note: cloths [kloðz] or [kloθs]; clothes [klouðz] or [klouz]; oaths [ouðz]; BrE: baths [ba:ðz] or [ba:θs]; AmE: baths [bæðz] or [bæθs];
[mz], [nz], [ŋz], [lz]
homes – storms – cleans – fans – lungs – rings – girls – thrills.

Final consonant clusters with the ending ED

[pt], [kt], [ft]
hoped – stopped – tipped – linked – locked – marked – sniffed – laughed – coughed;
[st], [sht], [cht]
missed – danced – mixed – washed – rushed – fished – watched – reached – searched;
[bd], [gd]
robbed – stabbed – tubed – begged – lagged – logged – hugged;
[vd], [ðd], [zd]
lived – received – saved – bathed – breathed – clothed – seized – raised – closed;
[zhd], [jd]
rouged – charged – managed – paged;
[md], [nd], [ŋd], [ld]
filmed – armed – planned – rained – hanged – banged – called – hurled – sealed.

Final consonant clusters


Final consonant clusters

[ft], [kt]
drift – gift – lift – sift – left – draft – shaft – loft – soft;
act – fact – tact – elect – affect – depict – deduct;
[lt], [ld]
belt – dealt – felt – melt – built – guilt – kilt – tilt – halt – malt – fault – default – vault – bolt – colt – jolt;
old – bold – cold – fold – gold – hold – mold – scold – sold – told – child – mild – wild – field – build – held – bald – world;
[lk], [lp], [lb]
milk – silk – elk – bulk – hulk – sulk;
help – yelp – palp – pulp – bulb;
[lf], [lv]
self – elf – shelf – golf – gulf – wolf – Ralph – Rolph – Rudolph;
solve – involve – valve – delve;
[lch], [lj], [lm], [ls]
belch – bilge – bulge – divulge;
film – helm – realm – else – pulse;
[mp], [mf]
limp – temp – camp – lamp – ramp – stamp – stomp – bump – dump – jump – plump – rump – stump;
lymph – nymph – triumph;
[nt], [nd]
mint – lint – sent – spent – bent – tent – vent – moment – agreement – statement – pant – can't – haunt – want – hunt – paint – saint – pint – point – joint;
wind – send – spend – lend – friend – attend – band – land – hand – sand – bond – fond – pond – fund – find – kind – bind – mind – behind – rind – wind – found – round – sound – pound;
[nch], [nj]
finch – pinch – bench – French – branch – ranch – launch – crunch – hunch – lunch;
change – range – strange – binge – cringe – fringe – tinge – sponge – lunge – lounge;
[ns], [nz]
rinse – since – mince – wince – dense – fence – sense – absence – license – science – chance – dance – fragrance – ounce;
cleanse [klenz] – lens [lenz];
[ŋk]
pink [piŋk] – ink – drink – think – link – mink – sink – shrink – wink – bank – banker – sank – rank – frank – spank – tank – honk – monk – monkey – drunk – junk – punk – skunk – distinct – jinx – wrinkle – uncle – ankle – anchor – anxious – banquet ['bæŋkwit];
[ŋg]
finger ['fiŋgər] – linger – hunger – hungry – anger – angry – longer – longest – stronger – strongest – younger – youngest – congress (n.) – mongrel – single – angle – strangle – tangle – language – lingo – linguist – distinguish;
Note: The sound combination [ŋg] does not occur at the end of English words. It is given here for comparison with [ŋk], which can be at the end and in the middle of words. (Звуковое сочетание [ŋg] не встречается в конце английских слов. Оно дано здесь для сравнения с [ŋk], которое может быть в конце и в середине слов.)
[ps], [pt]
perhaps – lapse – collapse – ellipse – glimpse – oops;
apt – rapt – leapt – crept – kept – accept – crypt – script – adopt – erupt – attempt – tempt;
[sk], [sp], [st]
risk – flask – mask – task – desk – mosque – dusk – husk;
lisp – crisp – wisp – clasp – grasp – wasp;
least – feast – beast – mist – wrist – best – chest – test – fast – last – past – cost – lost – first – thirst – burst – dust – must – rust – paste – taste – waste – boast – coast – roast – most – post;
Clusters with final [θ]
month – health – wealth – stealth – filth – warmth – strength – length – width – breadth – depth;
seventh – ninth – tenth – fifteenth – sixteenth – thirteenth – sixth – fifth – twelfth – eighth [eitθ] – hundredth – thousandth.
Note: length [leŋθ] or [leŋkθ]; strength [streŋθ] or [streŋkθ].

Initial consonant clusters


Initial consonant clusters

[pl], [pr], [bl], [br]
plead – please – plink – pleasant – plenty – plan – plastic – platter – plaza – plot – plural – plume – plug – pluck – plum – plump – plus – play – place – plain – plane – plague – plywood – plight – plow – plosive;
preach – priest – pretty – prepare – prefer – print – prison – press – present – pregnant – practice – practical – prank – problem – product – profit – proof – prove – prune – prude – professor – promote – praise – pray – prayer – price – pride – prime – private – prize – pry – proud – prowl – prose – probe – prone – program;
bleed – bleak – blink – bliss – bless – blend – black – blank – blast – block – blond – blue – bloom – blur – blood – blame – blaze – blind – blow – bloat;
breed – breeze – breathe – brief – bring – brick – brim – bread – breast – brand – bracket – bra – broad – broth – brood – broom – brook – brother – brush – brain – break – brace – bright – brow – brown – browser – broil – broken;
[tr], [dr]
tree – treat – trim – trip – trick – trend – tread – track – trap – travel – tram – trauma – true – troop – trust – truck – trunk – tray – trace – train – trail – try – tribe – trout – troll;
dream – drill – drink – drip – draft – drama – draw – drop – droop – drew – drum – drunk – drain – drape – dry – drive – drown – drone – drove;
[kl], [kr], [gl], [gr]
clean – clear – click – cling – clever – cleft – clan – class – clasp – clue – clerk – club – claim – clay – climb – cloud – clown – close – clone;
cream – creed – critical – crib – credit – crest – crack – crash – crawl – cross – crop – crew – cruise – crude – crook – crush – crust – crazy – crane – cry – crime – crisis – crowd – crown – crow;
glee – glib – glimpse – glare – glad – glamor – glance – glue – gloomy – glum – glide – globe – global;
green – Greek – grief – grease – grip – grim – grin – grab – gram – grand – grasp – grew – groom – group – great – grade – grave – grime – grind – ground – grow – grown – growth – gross;
[fl], [fr]
flee – fleece – flick – flint – flip – flesh – flex – flare – flap – flax – floor – flock – floss – flew – flu – flirt – flame – flake – fly – flight – Floyd – flow – flown;
free – freeze – freak – frequent – frisk – frigid – Fred – friend – fresh – Frank – fraction – fragment – fragile – fraud – frog – frost – fruit – frame – fragrant – phrase – freight – fry – fright – frown – froze;
[θr], [shr]
three – thrifty – thrill – thread – threat – threshhold – thrash – throng – throb – through – threw – thrush – thrust – thrice – thrive – throat – throw – thrown – throne,
shriek – shrimp – shrink – shred – shredder – shrewd – shrug – shrine;
[sk], [skr]
ski – skin – skip – skim – scare – scan – scatter – scar – score – scoff – school – scuba – skirt – skunk – skull – sculpture – skate – scale – sky – scout – scoundrel – scope – scold;
scream – screen – screech – scribble – scrimp – script – scrap – scratch – scramble – scrawl – screw – scrooge – scruple – scrutiny – scrub – scrape – scroll;
[sl], [sm], [sn]
sleep – sleet – sleeve – sleazy – sling – slick – slim – slip – slit – slender – sledge – slam – slap – slash – slack – slang – slot – slob – sloppy – sluice – slew – slur – slurp – slum – slug – slave – slay – sleigh – sly – slide – slight – slime – slouch – slow – slope – slogan;
smear – Smith – smell – smash – smack – smart – small – smog – smock – smooth – smooch – smother – smudge – smug – smile – smoke – smolder;
sneeze – sneak – sneer – sniff – snip – snare – snack – snap – snatch – snarl – snore – snort – snorkel – snob – snoop – snug – snake – snail – snipe – sniper – snout – snow;
[sp], [spl], [spr]
speak – speed – spin – spit – spill – spirit – spend – special – speck – spell – spare – span – spam – spark – spa – sport – spot – sponsor – spoon – spool – spook – spur – sponge – Spain – space – spy – spice – spike – spine – spite – spout – spouse – spoil – spoke – spoken;
spleen – split – splint – splinter – splendid – splendor – splash – splotch – splurge – splay – splice;
spree – spring – sprint – sprinkle – spread – sprang – sprawl – spruce – sprung – spray – sprain – sprite – sprout;
[st], [str]
steal – steam – steel – steep – steer – stick – still – stiff – step – stencil – sterile – stare – stair – stand – stamp – stab – statue – staff – star – stark – start – store – stork – storm – stop – stock – story – stew – stool – stoop – student – stir – sterling – stern – study – stuff – stub – stubborn – stun – stunt – stumble – stay – stake – state – stain – style – sty – stout – stone – stove – stow;
street – stream – streak – strict – string – strip – stress – stretch – strength – strand – strangle – strap – stratosphere – straw – strong – struck – structure – struggle – strange – strain – straight – stray – strike – stripe – strive – stride – stroke – stroll;
[sw], [tw], [dw], [kw], [skw], [gw]
sweet – sweep – swim – swift – switch – swing – swindle – Swiss – swivel – swell – swept – sweat – swear – swore – sworn – swarm – swan – swallow – swamp – swab – swap – swung – sway – swine – swollen;
tweed – tweezer – twin – twist – twig – twelve – twenty – twang – twice – twilight – twine;
dwarf – dwell – dwindle – Dwayne – Dwight;
queen – queer – quick – quit – question – quest – quarrel – quart – quarter – quite – quiet – quote – quotation;
squeeze – squeak – squeal – squid – square – squad – squander – squash – squat – squirrel – squirt;
Gwen – Gwendolen – Guatemala.

More Consonant Clusters and examples


More Consonant Clusters and examples

Sometimes in certain consonant clusters (a string of two or more consonants in a word) the sounds may be reduced or dropped. Below are some of these reductions.

The th cluster

In the consonant cluster 'th', the /th/ can be changed or dropped.
Listen to these examples. The first word is with proper enunciation, the second with the reduced sounds.

Then listen to the words in sentences.

            The 'th' may become a /t/ as in months (munts)
            There are twelve months in a year.    
            The 'th' may become a /k/ as in strengths (strengks)       
            Athletes strengths are sapped if they exercise excessively.        
            The 'th' may become a /thv/ as in twelfths (twelfs)          
            The recipe calls for seven-twelfths of a cup of butter.     

The nt cluster

In the consonant cluster 'nt', if it is followed by a vowel sound, the /t/ may be dropped. A flapped 'n' is used in

its place.

Listen to these examples. The first word is with proper enunciation, the second with the reduced sounds.

Then listen to the words in sentences.

            The center of town is that way. (cen'ner)
            The renter of the house couldn't pay the rent. (ren'ner)
            That shirt costs twenty dollars. (twen'ny)

Consonant Clusters

Sometimes in certain consonant clusters (a string of two or more consonants in a word) the sounds of one of the consonants may be reduced or dropped. Below are some of these reductions.

Consonant Clusters


Consonant Clusters

Sometimes in certain consonant clusters (a string of two or more consonants in a word) the sounds may be reduced or dropped. Below are some of these reductions.

The sts cluster

In the consonant cluster 'sts', the /t/ can be dropped.
Listen to these examples. The first word is with proper enunciation, the second with
the reduced sounds. Then listen to the words in sentences.
                                                                                 
costs (cos:s)               A Porsche costs way too much for me.
masts (mas:s)             The masts on the sailing ship were over forty feet tall.
tests (tes:s)                Most students are not that fond of tests.
                                                                                     
The sks cluster

In the consonant cluster 'sks' the /k/ may be dropped.
Listen to these examples. The first word is with proper enunciation, the second with
the reduced sounds. Then listen to the words in sentences.
                                                                                 
masks (mas:s)            At a costume party, masks are mandatory.
asks (as:s)                   A certain relative of  mine often asks me for money.
desks (des:s)              The desks used in classrooms are usually uncomfortable.

Consonant Clusters (Blends)


Consonant Clusters (Blends)
A consonant cluster (sometimes known as a consonant blend) is a group of consonants that appear together in a word without any vowels between them. When reading clusters, each letter within the cluster is pronounced individually. The following worksheets and activities help with initial and final clusters. These form part of the National Literacy Strategy for Year 1.
     
     
                   
Online and Interactive Consonant Cluster Resources (Games, Interactive Whiteboard, etc.)
Resource Name
Type
Resource Name
Type
IOA
IOA
IOA
IOA
           
               
Consonant Cluster Links
BBC Words & Pictures: Consonant Clusters  -  An online, interactive activity and some printable worksheets.
ICT Games  -  Scroll down to Cluster Buster, a flash-based activity.
Crickweb's Flash Studio  -  Scroll down to Word Wheel 2, another flash-based activity.
Primary Resources: Literacy  -  A few printable activities in PDF format.
Teaching Ideas: Hot Potato  -  An idea for a consonant cluster game.
Sadlier-Oxford: Blends  -  Interactive activity.
Please e-mail us with useful links or if any of the above links are broken.